Men And Women Risk Factors And Pathophysiology,...

INTRODUCTION In the world, stroke is the 3rd leading cause of death as well as leading long term disability cause as of 2012.1 In addition, according to the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention, 33% of potentially preventable deaths in the US between 2008 and 2010 is attributed to stroke.2 Notably, 60% of all stroke deaths are women.3 Current research indicates the existence of a difference between how women and men present with stroke, how they are treated in an acute setting, and how they respond to treatment methods. Said disparity is of vital importance, given that targeted sex-specific therapies will help lower costs and reduce the burden of disease in the population. Therefore, this review will examine the variations between†¦show more content†¦The membrane ionic gradient is lost, leading to intracellular Na and Ca increases; subsequent glutamate release exacerbates Ca influx via NMDA and AMPA receptors. The resulting excitotoxicity leads to organelles and membranes degenerat ion and necrosis.7 In the ischemic penumbra, reduced blood flow alone is not capable of causing neuronal necrosis; rather, it is the adjacent ischemic core glutamate release that causes Ca influx via AMPA and NMDA receptors. This activates Ca-dependent enzymes such as apoptosis inducing caplain and caspases in the penumbra, leading to NO, arachidonic acid, and superoxide production that help cells die.7 In contrast, hemorrhagic strokes (13% of all strokes) are intracerebral or subarachnoid in nature, and occur due to ruptured vessels.4 Although hemorrhagic strokes are less common, they are more deadly to patients due to potential hydrocephalus, increased intracranial pressure, and blood vessel spasms.8,9 With regards to incidence, men are more likely to have ischemic strokes10, while women are at greater risk for subarachnoid hemorrhages.11 These strokes are typically preceded by chronic hypertension and vascular malformations, which eventually results in a ruptured aneurysm. In turn, blood accumulation

Oedipus The Main Hero In The Tragedy Of Sophocles

In the tragedy of Sophocles, the main hero is the ruler of Thebes, the king Oedipus. He is permeated with the problems of every inhabitant of his city, sincerely worries about their destinies and tries to help them in everything. He once saved the city from the Sphinx, and when citizens suffer from the plague that has plagued them, the people again ask for salvation from a wise ruler. In the work his fate turns out to be incredibly tragic, but, despite this, his image does not seem pathetic, but, on the contrary, majestic and monumental. All his life he acted morally. He left his native home, went to some unknown place, so as not to fulfill the predestined villainy. And in the finale he claims his dignity with self-punishment. Oedipus†¦show more content†¦In exile, his virtue was only strengthened, and his outlook was enriched: now he is devoid of illusions, a mirage, which created an obliging vision under the influence of the dazzling rays of power. Exile in this case - the path to freedom, granted by fate as compensation for the fact that Oedipus covered the debt of his father. The flaw that has also cause the downfall of Oedipus is unwillingness. Why? Well, since Teiresias has told him that he has murdered his father Oedipus didn’t want to believe that and started mocking Teiresias, even though Oedipus’s mother, Jocasta, didn’t want him finding out but once he has found out the truth, his eyes had opened up and he has witnessed the full picture in a matter of seconds. Well, what about anger? Oedipus has a very short temper. As in the end of the dispute with Creon, the four verses are divided among the participants in the dialogue, a sign of the special significance of this exchange of remarks. The last time Oedipus asks questions and receives answers - this time completely unambiguous. Now it is clear that the child who was once given to the shepherd by Jocasta in order to avoid a terrible prediction, and Oedipus, who saved the Sphinx of Thebes, is one face. It is clear that, having killed Laius, Oedipus involuntarily performed the first half of the prediction given to him, and when he married Jocasta, -.Show MoreRelatedOedipus As A Tragic Hero1724 Words   |  7 Pagesstory of Oedipus, Oedipus is considered a â€Å"Tragic Hero† because of the tragic fate and effect that he had upon his life. My definition of a tragedy is a great loss that has a unhappy ending to which concluded me to state that Oedipus falls under that category. Throughou t the book, Oedipus is leading himself to his own destruction when trying to find the killer of the late King Laios. So when a journal article I found published by The John Hopkins University Press stated that a â€Å"tragic hero is a manRead MoreEssay on Oedipus: The Reign of a Tragic Hero1266 Words   |  6 Pageswith? The history behind the character of Oedipus, in the play Oedipus the King, is very complicated. His intricate past dealing with prophecies, family members, and murder is the main focus of the story. There are many characteristics that complete Aristotle’s definition of a tragic hero; these being the presence of hamartia and peripeteia, a sense of self-awareness, the audience’s pity for the character, and the hero is of noble birth. Greek Tragedy Theater rose to its peak in Athens aroundRead More tragoed Oedipus as the Ideal Tragic Hero of Oedipus the King (Oedipus Rex)1217 Words   |  5 PagesOedipus as the Ideal Tragic Hero of Oedipus the King In the introduction to Sophocles Oedipus the King, Sophocles defines a tragic hero as one who [behaves] admirably as a man, [but who] is nevertheless tripped up by forces beyond his control and understanding... (Sophocles 76).   In Oedipus the King, Oedipus is the tragic hero. The force that trips up the hero is fate, or, moira. It is Oedipuss actions that set the events into motion,   but it is ultimately his fate, and his attemptedRead MoreOedipus : The King Of Thebes And Tragic Hero Essay728 Words   |  3 PagesOedipus: The King of Thebes and Tragic Hero Ancient Greek Literature encompasses an assortment of poetry and drama to include the great masterpieces of tragedy. In Classic Literature, tragedies were commonly known for their elaboration of a protagonist fitting the classification of a tragic hero. This type of a tragic hero often collectively described as a character of noble birth, facing an adversity of some nature and a fate of great suffering. The characteristics of what encompassed a tragic heroRead MoreOedipus Rex, Sophocles1252 Words   |  6 PagesOedipus the ideal Tragic Hero Kelli Richards Liberty University Abstract In the play Oedipus Rex, Sophocles portrays Oedipus who is also the main character, as a good- natured, beautiful, noble yet narcissistic person who has a lapse of judgment and fall from power. Throughout the play Oedipus makes a few profound decisions for which he is condemned to plentiful suffering;Read MoreOedipus Tyrannus, A Tragic Hero. Summary: . Context. Oedipus1391 Words   |  6 PagesOedipus Tyrannus, a Tragic Hero Summary: Context Oedipus Tyrannus is a Greek tragedy that was first performed as a play in 429 BCE. The setting of the play is in Thebes, one of Greece’s city states that is suffering from a tragic plague. King Oedipus’s brother in-law; Creon, reports back from the oracle of Apollo that the plague would only be lifted if the murderer of his predecessor; King Laius, is found and brought to justice. Before the whole city of Thebes, Oedipus vows to apprehend and punishRead MoreSophocles Oedipus The King1714 Words   |  7 Pagesestablishing ideas in the field of literature, such as the concept of tragedy and the theory of the importance of scenes of recognition and reversal. This ancient concept and theory are still highly discussed and used to analyze numerous pieces of literature to this day. One piece that could be considered as an â€Å"ideal tragedy† is the play â€Å"Oedipus the King† written by Sophocles. In this play, Sophocles utilizes the concept of tragedy as wel l the theory of the importance of scenes of recognition and reversalRead MoreOedipus Rex: Classic Tragic Hero921 Words   |  4 PagesIn the play Oedipus Rex by Sophocles, Oedipus is a classic tragic hero. According to Aristotles definition, Oedipus is a tragic hero because he is a king whose life falls apart when he finds out his life story. There are a number of characteristics described by Aristotle that identify a tragic hero. For example, a tragic hero must cause his own downfall; his fate is not deserved, and his punishment exceeds the crime; he also must be of noble stature and have greatness. Oedipus is in love with hisRead MoreTo What Extent are ‘Othello’ and Oedipus Rex Perfect Examples of Tragedy1149 Words   |  5 Pages‘perfect’ tragedy is the idea that the tragedy is faultless; it does what is expected; so makes the audience feel empathy and sympathy for the characters who suffer. There are two different types of tragedy: classical tragedy and Shakespearean tragedy. The tragic hero in this play is the main character, Othello. Othellos misfortune comes about because of his jealousy, trust, and his pride. This essay aims to look at, and compare, how Shakespeare wrote his tragedy, and how other tragedies are writtenRead MoreOedipus The King, And Oedipus At Colonus1343 Words   |  6 Pages Oedipus, a play written by Sophocles, has become a staple in the study of a Tragic hero in classic literature. When this was written in the fifth century, theatre was more than a means of entertainment but almost a religious event. Robert Fagles goes even further by saying that†theatre was not only a religious festival; it was also an aspect of the city’s political life.† (Fagles) . Greek dramas were presented only twice a year during religious festivals that honored Dionysus, the god of wines

Total Quality in Fast Food Free Essays

Total Quality in Fast Food MGT 449 2011 Total Quality in Fast Food In the world of fast food restaurants product and service quality are what make or break a chain. Both Wendy’s and McDonald’s have spent years and millions of dollars to get the level of quality that they produce just right. The key to the success of both of these fast food giants is total quality management. We will write a custom essay sample on Total Quality in Fast Food or any similar topic only for you Order Now While they both may share some marketplaces, they both use different processes to get the results that they are looking for. Wendy’s currently operates in North America while McDonald’s operates on a global scale. While both of these companies provide their customers with a wonderful fast food experience, they do not always use the same procedures to test and market new products. Wendy’s and McDonald’s are known very well in the United States and Canada. One only has to see a girl with bright red braids or hear the phrase â€Å"I’m lovin’ it† to suddenly start to crave food from either of these fast food giants. We are well versed in the menu options available at both chains and many of us could recite several of the menu options off the top of our head. The menu at both chains is very carefully researched and tested so as to make sure that each menu item will produce the best possible profit for the customer while delivering the quality that we have come to associate with each company. The big difference between the two companies lies in the markets that they work in. The Wendy’s chain is a North American chain located throughout the United States, Canada, and recently in Mexico. The market that they are working with is somewhat similar, although allowing for some regional differences between the three countries. McDonald’s, however, works on a world wide scale. They deal with dozens of different markets which each require their own market research and testing because the culture or dietary needs of those countries is very different from those of other areas of the world. When Wendy’s decides to create a new product they take into consideration the customer that they will be marketing to. Currently menu items in all three countries are fairly similar without much variation between them. All three countries offer the same burgers, chicken sandwiches, salads, fries, and of course the ever present frosty. By only operating in one region of the world, Wendy’s is able to test market a product in the United States and if that testing goes favorably then it is marketed in all three countries. A prime example of this sort of testing was Wendy’s new fries. Wendy’s research showed that they were often passed over for other fast food choices because of their lackluster french fries. Wendy’s knew that having a better fry would entice customers to choose Wendy’s over their competitors, which would boost sales figures. Wendy’s started in their test kitchens determining what would make a better fry. After deciding on a skin-on fry seasoned with sea salt Wendy’s then began test marketing their new fry. After it was determined that the new fry was a much more favorable alternative to their old soggy version Wendy’s began its advertising campaign. In order to ensure that the fries were a success Wendy’s spent nearly 79%, or $17. 7 million, of its measured-media spend pushing fries, compared to spending $26. 9 million for all products in the same month according to Morrison, 2011. This strategy worked and has helped Wendy’s to improve their sales over the past year since the new fries were launched. It is also part of Wendy’s practices total quality. Wendy’s continues to offer consistently appealing new products in order to compete with their peers. By introducing new items with tried and true menu options and maintaining the quality product that Wendy’s has come to be known for, they are able to maintain a strong presence within the quick-service restaurant industry. McDonald’s, on the other hand, needs to have a different approach to their menu items. At this time you will find a McDonald’s restaurant in more than 119 countries on six continents. This means that their test marketing must be regionally specific. Each region of the world must create and test products taking into account dietary and taste differences around the world. An example of this rationality of products is the Indian menu. Cows are considered sacred in India. Therefore, the menu in India does not offer any beef products. McDonald’s has swapped out the beef patties in the popular Big Mac with chicken in order to work within the dietary needs of the Indian population. They also offer a veggie burger and several fish options. India is not the only country where McDonald’s offers what would be considered strange fare by customers in the United States. From shrimp burgers in Asian markets to beer being served in parts of Europe, McDonald’s has reworked its core menu to include items that are familiar to the local population while still being able to produce their product in approximately one minute. Speed of service and menu items, which have become old favorites for consumers, are two elements of McDonald’s total quality strategy. Another example of McDonald’s use of total quality is the use of what are referred to by Beth Kowitt (2011) as platforms. An example of a platform is chicken where McNuggets are the product. By focusing on platforms and then branching off of them McDonald’s is able to stick to a base menu that always works and then tweak the item in a more creative way without losing the original integrity of the product. This has proved a very successful strategy for McDonald’s and it is one that they will continue to use far into the future. Both Wendy’s and McDonald’s serve the quick-service restaurant consumer. They both do market research and product roll-outs, but their strategy for these roll-outs is different because of the different markets that they work with. Being a national company means that Wendy’s is able to product test on a smaller scale within one area, where McDonald’s must test within each region of the world that it operates in. Even though their approach to marketing may be different, both companies still practice total quality within their organizations. Both companies are striving to be the top in their market, and using total quality strategies will help them to both stay competitive with each other in North America. References Goetsch, D. L. , Davis, S. B. (2010). Quality management for organizational excellence: Introduction to total quality (6th ed. . Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. Kowitt, B. (2011). WHY McDONALD’S WINS IN ANY ECONOMY. Fortune, 164(4), 70-78. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. MORRISON, M. (2011). FOR WENDY’S, THE PROOF’S IN THE POTATOES AS FANCYFRIES LAUNCH DECLARED A SUCCESS. Advertising Age, 82(13), 5-20. Retrievedfrom EBSCOhost. Reich, A. Z. , McCleary, K. W. , Tepanon, Y. , ; Weaver, P. A. (2005). The Impact of Productand Service Quality on Brand Loyalty: An Exploratory Investigation of Quick-ServiceRestaurants. Journal of Foodservice Business Research, 8(3), 35-53. doi:10. 13O0/J369v08n03-04 How to cite Total Quality in Fast Food, Papers